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Health library/Chronic Kidney Disease

Kidneys and urinary health

Chronic Kidney Disease

Also known as: CKD

Chronic kidney disease is lasting damage that reduces kidney function. Early stages may be silent while waste, fluid and other imbalances develop over time.

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What you may notice

Symptoms can overlap with other conditions and vary between people.

  • Often no early symptoms
  • Fatigue
  • Leg swelling
  • Changes in urination

Understanding care

Clinical care may include blood and urine testing, cause assessment and monitoring of kidney-related complications. A qualified clinician decides which investigations and options fit the individual situation.

When to seek help

Seek assessment for changing urine output, swelling or worsening fatigue. Inability to pass urine, severe breathlessness, marked confusion or acute illness requires urgent care.

For severe breathing difficulty, collapse, suspected stroke, or another emergency, call local emergency services immediately. In India, call 112.

Read the medical sources

These sources support the educational article and offer more detail.

Educational reading · Updated 6 October 2026

Prepared from the linked sources. This summary has not had an independent clinician review. A qualified clinician can assess symptoms and explain which information applies to you.

A child and a caring grown-up reading a picture book together

LITTLE PEOPLE. BIG FEELINGS.

It’s okay to have
a lot of questions.

A doctor visit or an unfamiliar health word can feel scary. You can ask a trusted grown-up to help you understand, one small question at a time.

01

Say how you feel.

“I feel worried” is a good place to start.

02

Ask for simple words.

“Can you explain that in a way I understand?”

03

Bring someone you trust.

A caring adult can help you ask and listen.

For children and their grown-ups. This illustration explains a conversation, not a diagnosis. An adult should seek qualified care for a child who is unwell.

Chronic Kidney Disease — First AID health library