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Health library/HIV infection

Infections

HIV infection

Also known as: Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Human immunodeficiency virus

Human immunodeficiency virus damages immune defenses. Effective clinical care can control infection, while untreated disease can progress to serious opportunistic illness.

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What you may notice

Symptoms can overlap with other conditions and vary between people.

  • Sometimes no symptoms
  • Early flu-like illness
  • Persistent swollen glands
  • Weight loss or recurrent infections in advanced disease

Understanding care

Clinical care may include testing, confidential counseling and ongoing specialist care. A qualified clinician decides which investigations and options fit the individual situation.

When to seek help

Seek prompt confidential testing after possible exposure, including urgent advice about recent exposure. Severe fever, breathlessness, neurological changes or illness during pregnancy requires professional assessment.

For severe breathing difficulty, collapse, suspected stroke, or another emergency, call local emergency services immediately. In India, call 112.

Read the medical sources

These sources support the educational article and offer more detail.

Educational reading · Updated 6 October 2026

Prepared from the linked sources. This summary has not had an independent clinician review. A qualified clinician can assess symptoms and explain which information applies to you.

A child and a caring grown-up reading a picture book together

LITTLE PEOPLE. BIG FEELINGS.

It’s okay to have
a lot of questions.

A doctor visit or an unfamiliar health word can feel scary. You can ask a trusted grown-up to help you understand, one small question at a time.

01

Say how you feel.

“I feel worried” is a good place to start.

02

Ask for simple words.

“Can you explain that in a way I understand?”

03

Bring someone you trust.

A caring adult can help you ask and listen.

For children and their grown-ups. This illustration explains a conversation, not a diagnosis. An adult should seek qualified care for a child who is unwell.

HIV infection — First AID health library