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Health library/Trigeminal Neuralgia

Brain and nerves

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Also known as: TN, Tic douloureux

Trigeminal neuralgia causes repeated, intense facial pain along a facial sensory nerve. Brief attacks may be triggered by gentle touch, talking or chewing.

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What you may notice

Symptoms can overlap with other conditions and vary between people.

  • Sudden electric-shock-like facial pain
  • Usually one-sided attacks
  • Pain triggered by ordinary facial activity

Understanding care

Clinical care may include specialist assessment and discussion of nerve-pain management options. A qualified clinician decides which investigations and options fit the individual situation.

When to seek help

Seek review for persistent pain, numbness or increasing weakness. Sudden neurological loss or weakness with new speech or vision changes requires emergency assessment.

For severe breathing difficulty, collapse, suspected stroke, or another emergency, call local emergency services immediately. In India, call 112.

Read the medical sources

These sources support the educational article and offer more detail.

Educational reading · Updated 6 October 2026

Prepared from the linked sources. This summary has not had an independent clinician review. A qualified clinician can assess symptoms and explain which information applies to you.

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LITTLE PEOPLE. BIG FEELINGS.

It’s okay to have
a lot of questions.

A doctor visit or an unfamiliar health word can feel scary. You can ask a trusted grown-up to help you understand, one small question at a time.

01

Say how you feel.

“I feel worried” is a good place to start.

02

Ask for simple words.

“Can you explain that in a way I understand?”

03

Bring someone you trust.

A caring adult can help you ask and listen.

For children and their grown-ups. This illustration explains a conversation, not a diagnosis. An adult should seek qualified care for a child who is unwell.

Trigeminal Neuralgia — First AID health library